February 18, 1999
Dr. Kevin W. Hopkins
Polk County Christian School
History of Internet
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Allows computers of different types and at different locations
to communicate
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Military
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Established TCP/IP--Telecommunications Protocol/Internet
Protocol
History of Internet Utilities
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E-Mail (Electronic Mail)
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Telnet
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FTP
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Gopher
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World Wide Web Browsers
What is on the WWW?
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Lots of information about all types of subjects
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Lots of Graphics
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Movies, sounds, virtual reality-May need additional helper
applications for your browser to see some of this material-these helpers
also available on the WWW--
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Chat, MOO, ICQ, Instant Messenger, and other interactive
communication
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Lots of stuff you would not want your children to access.
WWW -- Strengths
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Can contains text, graphics, multimedia information
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Caught the public interest
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Caught commercial interest
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Allows one to "follow your nose"
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Can go directly to a site (using the URL) rather than duplicating
someone else's path
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Multiple ways of searching exist, using a variety of search
engines
WWW -- Disadvantages
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Graphics can take a long time to download
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The standard is still being set, so not everything works
everywhere
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Helper applications are sometimes needed in addition to the
Browser
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Things are changing so rapidly it is hard to stay current
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Addresses may change as things are updated
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Takes some level of skill to publish material on the Web
for people to access it
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But that level of skill is dropping
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So essential anyone can publish on the Web
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This makes it hard to verify the accuracy of the information
How Do You Use the Internet?
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Need to be hooked into a computer network that is connected
itself to the Internet
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There are many local Internet Service Providers (ISPs) that
you can connect to via modem
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You'll need software to enable your computer to communicate
with others (usually supplied by ISP)
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Need Places to Go
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Is a local ISP in Bolivar
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Get e-mail account and Internet access for a monthly fee
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Can get website space (may be additional fees, will be if
they creates the page for you)
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Call Bolivar Herald-Free Press for more information
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326-7636
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www.homestead.com
and www.tripod.com host websites for
free
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Have info on how to create and post pages to site
How do we use the WWW?
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Need a Web Browser, some you may have heard about are:
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Netscape Navigator
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Internet Explorer
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Mosaic
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WinWeb
Netscape/Internet Explorer
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Need to know some of the terms to use or even to ask questions
Need Addresses
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URL-Uniform Resource Locator (the address of the file you
wish to view)
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Format is opposite of the Postal Address which goes from
specific (name) to general (state)
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Must be exact--no human is involved to figure out
what you probably meant
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Also, files are moved and a "forwarding address" may not
be left
How do we find addresses?
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Watch for addresses in print and on TV
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Word of mouth
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Let's now look at an educational site I started developing
for my daughter's kindergarten class last year
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http://www.sbuniv.edu/~khopkins/kinder
How do we find information
from the Web Itself?
How do we find information
from the Web Itself?
What is the difference?
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Do they search the full text or an index?
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How they handle connectors, truncation, qualifiers?
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How they rank matches as to relevance?
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How much information they give you about a match?
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Do they allow both searching and list some topics by subject
classification?
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How rapidly do you get responses back?
What if Address Fails to Work
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Two types of error messages
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One: Netscape is unable to locate the server …
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This one means the first part of the address has an error
(or experienced an error in transmission) so Netscape can't find the computer
to look for the file on
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Sometimes this message is wrong and trying again the name
works
Second Type of Error
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404 Not Found The requested URL /file name was not found
on this server
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This message is from the computer you were trying to get
a file from saying that file does not exist (at least not under the name
you typed in)
Ways to Correct
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Check typing of address. Watch especially for . _ ~ 1 vs
l (one versus the letter l)
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If the message is file not found, go "up" the directory structure--that
is rather than look for home/math/personal/mine.htm look for home/math
or just home/ (This also is quite useful when you find good information--if
one file is good there are probably other good ones nearby)
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Search for key words you think will be on the page
Bookmarks/Favorites
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When you find a good site, you don't want to copy down the
lengthy address
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Easy way to return to site
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Can add, remove, or organize bookmarks
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Can save or combine two or more bookmark files
Some Web Vocabulary
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Links-text that is highlighted that allow for moving
from the present file/location to a new file/location
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Hypertext-More than just straight text. Includes links,
graphics, sound, videos, etc..
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http-Hypertext Transfer Protocol-The protocol/ standard
used for transfer files so they look essentially the same on all computers
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html-Hypertext Markup Language-The actual language
in which material must be written to transfer it using http.
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URL-Uniform Resource Locator-The address of the page
you are looking at (or seeking). It must be given in its entirety and without
any errors to go to the desired site
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Most URL's start with www.domain name.domain code.country
Browser May Need Help
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Helper applications, add-on, or plug-ins assist the browser
with certain types of files
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JAVA-programming language to run programs in the browser.
Need a fairly powerful machine and recent browser
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Adobe Acrobat Reader-allows more formatting of a document
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Movie or Sound Player
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Shockwave-allows interactive activities
E-Mail -- Strengths
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available for all internet connections
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free or low cost communications worldwide
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fast and efficient, rarely fails to deliver
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can send to one, a few or many people all at once
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can send "attachments" such as files or documents
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can easily forward copies, reply, save copies or print copies
if needed
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Everyone like's getting mail and email makes it fun and easy
E-Mail -- Disadvantages
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"just not the same"; as a letter on letterhead or handwritten
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not necessarily private
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can accidentally be sent to "wrong" person(s) (immediately!)
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not good for "official"; or "sensitive" documents
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not good for long documents
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easier for people to send junk mail (known as spam)
E-Mail -- Disadvantages
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harder to spell check than a word-processor so errors can
slip through
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can't format as well as a word-processor
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format received may be different than the format sent
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format often contributes to misunderstanding of tone or humor
Emoticons
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An attempt to allow for communication of emotions in email.
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Even done in other languages
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Was sind Emoticons?
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Los emoticons son formas de expresar ...
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Some examples I found with brief explanations
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:-o Oh! noooo!
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:-)-- Your basic smilie.
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;-) -- Winky smilie.
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:-( -- Frowning smilie.
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:-I -- Indifferent smilie.
Netiquette
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Always be careful and courteous in any INTERNET activities,
particularly your e-mail messages
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Avoid behavior which might be received as rude or harassing.
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In many network systems users can have their privileges revoked,
even if they have not broken a law, if their network behavior is unacceptable.
More Netiquette
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Include a subject to help the reader determine the importance
of the message
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Keep messages short
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Reply back so the sender can know you got the message. You
may wish to include some of original message to refresh sender's memory
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DON'T USE ALL CAPS (rude-like shouting)
To Use E-Mail
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Need an account (address)
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Need an e-mail program (application software)--Our package
is Pegasus Mail, others I know of are Eudora, Netscape Mail.
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Need an address to send mail to--so your receiver needs an
account too. You both have to be connected.
Addresses
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username@domain name.domain code
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Domain Code tells type of organization (edu, mil, gov, org,
com, …)
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Domain Name-name of actual computer the message is going
to
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Username-name of user at that computer who is to receive
the message
E-Mail Basics
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Reading a message
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Deleting a message
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Sending email
Refinements
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Attachments
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Distribution Lists
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Replying to Mail
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Address Books
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Folders
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cc
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bcc
Conclusion
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Internet and E-Mail make possible long distance communication
of up-to-date facts
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Anyone can post or say anything. The ability to say something
on a subject does not make someone an authority on the subject
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Discern the information received over the Internet just as
you would any other type of information